Kaçanik
Kaçanik | |
|---|---|
Town and municipality | |
 Downtown Kaçanik | |
 Flag  Emblem | |
  Kaçanik  Kaçanik | |
| Coordinates: 42°13′N 21°15′E / 42.217°N 21.250°E | |
| Country | Kosovo |
| District | District of Ferizaj |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Besim Ilazi (PDK) |
| Area | |
| • Town and municipality | 220 km2 (80 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 478 m (1,568 ft) |
| Population (2024) | |
| • Town and municipality | 27,742 |
| • Density | 130/km2 (330/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 15,634 |
| • Ethnicity | |
| Demonym(s) | Albanian: Kaçanikas (m), Kaçanikase (f) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 71000 |
| Area code | +383 |
| Vehicle registration | 05 |
| Website | kk |
Kaçanik (Albanian definite form: Kaçaniku) or Kačanik (Serbian Cyrillic: Качаник, pronounced [kâtʃaniːk]), is a town and municipality located in the Ferizaj District of southern Kosovo. According to the 2024 census, the town of Kaçanik has approximately 10,000, while the municipality has 27,742 inhabitants.
The municipality covers an area of 220 km2 (85 sq mi), including the town of Kaçanik and 31 villages.[1]
Name
[edit]The founder of the town Koxha Sinan Pasha called the town Kaçaniku. In 1660, Ottoman writer and traveller Evliya Çelebi visited Kosovo and wrote that the town's name derived from the Ottoman Turkish word kaçanlar in reference to a group of Albanian bandits that operated in Üsküb and used the region of Kaçanik as a hideout.[2]
History
[edit]Early history
[edit]The region of Kaçanik was one of the pathways, which were employed during Central European (akin to the Lusatian culture) migrations in the southern Balkans between 1200 and 1150 BCE.[3] Roman era monuments include an altar that dates to 158–9 CE and is dedicated to a deity named Andinus (Deo Andino). The name Andinus appears among the central Illyrian and Dalmatian names, but the worship of Andinus seems to have been a local cult of southwestern Dardani as it doesn't appear in other parts of Illyria or the Roman Empire.[4]
Middle Ages
[edit]After 9th century part of kingdom Raška and empire Serbia. Kaçanik was captured by the Ottomans in the 1420s.[5] At that time Kaçanik was only a village registered by the Ottomans in 1455 defter as nahiyah.[6][7]
Kaçanik was founded by Koca Sinan Pasha, who erected a tower, the town mosque which exists even today, a public kitchen for the poor (imaret), a school near the mosque, two hane (inns similar to caravanserais), one Turkish bath (hammam), the town fortress called Llanishta Fortress and a few mills on the Lepenci river.
Kaçanik became known administratively as a town by the end of the 16th century, and up to year 1891 it was a part of the Ottoman Sanjak of Üsküb, which again belonged to the Kosovo Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire.
Modern
[edit]On January 2, 1690 Albanian insurgents participated in a battle on the side of the Austrian forces fought against the Ottomans at the Valley of Kaçanik.[8]
In 1878, Kaçanik was intended to become a part of the Principality of Bulgaria according to the Treaty of San Stefano, but per the Treaty of Berlin it was returned to the Ottomans.[9]
During the Albanian Revolt of 1910, the area of Kacanik was the battlefield between Ottoman and Albanian forces.[10]
After 1912 the town became part of the Kingdom of Serbia, and after 1918 part of Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (the first incarnation of Yugoslavia). From 1929 to 1941 Kaçanik was part of the Vardar Banovina of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.
During World War II, from 1941 to 1945, the town became part of the Kingdom of Bulgaria.
In 1990, after the suspension of Kosovo's autonomy, the members of the Kosovan assembly gathered in the town and adopted the Kaçanik Constitution, based on which the Republic of Kosova was proclaimed in 1991.[11]
During the Kosovo War, Yugoslav forces including the army, police and paramilitary groups carried out operations in the town that led to high numbers of civilian casualties and mass flights of civilians from Kaçanik.[12]
Demographics
[edit]| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1948 | 16,318 | — |
| 1953 | 18,128 | +2.13% |
| 1961 | 19,735 | +1.07% |
| 1971 | 23,978 | +1.97% |
| 1981 | 31,072 | +2.63% |
| 1991 | 38,010 | +2.04% |
| 2011 | 33,409 | −0.64% |
| 2024 | 27,742 | −1.42% |
| Source: [1] | ||
According to the last official census done in 2011, the municipality of Kaçanik has 33,409 inhabitants. Based on the population estimates from the Kosovo Agency of Statistics in 2020, the municipality has 34,420 inhabitants.
With the exception of eight Roma and 30 Bosniaks,[13] the municipality is ethnically homogeneous Albanian.[1]
Economy
[edit]The municipality is known for the production of construction materials at several area companies. There are also many cultivated farmlands and areas suited for the development of farms, apiculture, arboriculture as well as various craftsman and artisans.[citation needed] The area is well suited for the development of winter and summer tourism.[citation needed] The downtown area is home to a bus station, a small radio station, the remains of a Turkish fort, several streets lined with shops, banks, several restaurants, and a weekly farmers market for produce, livestock and housewares.
Kaçanik has an old tradition in private manufactures, especially when it comes to the production of calcareous stone, wood for construction purposes and other services and artisan skills.
Culture
[edit]Sport
[edit]Sports teams
[edit]KF Lepenci is the men's football club in the town and they play their home matches at Besnik Begunca Stadium. KFF Bazeli 2015 is the women's football club in the town and they play in the top level of the women's football league in Kosovo.
| Club | Sport | Founded | League | Venue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KF Lepenci | Football | 1945/1957 | Second League Group B | Besnik Begunca Stadium |
| KFF Bazeli 2015 | Football(Women) | 2015 | Kosovo Women's Football League | Besnik Begunca Stadium |
Notable people
[edit]- Ag Apolloni, writer.
- Adem Salihaj, politician.
- Arben Zharku, film producer.
- Jeton Neziraj, playwright.
- Jetmir Topalli, footballer.
- Triumf Riza, police officer.
- Veton Tusha, footballer.
- Ylber Hysa, historian .
- Ramize Gjebrea (1923–1944), World War II partisan, mother from Kaçanik.
- Medon Berisha (born 21 October 2003) is a footballer who plays as a midfielder for the Albanian national team. His parents are from Kaçanik.
Gallery
[edit]See also
[edit]- Musa Kesedžija
- Musa Çelebi
- Kaçanik Gorge
- Sharr Mountains National Park
- R 6 Motorway
- Sinan Pasha Mosque (Kaçanik)
References
[edit]- ^ a b OSCE Mission in Kosovo: Municipal profile of Kačanik Archived 2011-06-06 at the Wayback Machine, April 2008. Retrieved on 23 October 2008.
- ^ "Komuna Kacanik - Histori" (in Albanian). Municipality of Kaçanik. Archived from the original on 17 October 2017. Retrieved 15 October 2012.
- ^ I.E.S Edwards, ed. (1975-09-18). The migrations on the Greek mainland at the end of the Mycenaean age. The Cambridge Ancient History. Cambridge University Press. pp. 709–. ISBN 9780521086912. Retrieved 15 October 2012.
- ^ Mirković, Miroslava (2002). Anthropology and Epigraphy - the Case of Central Balkan Region. Barcelona: International Congress of Greek and Latin Epigraphy. ISBN 9788472839236. Retrieved 17 October 2012.
- ^ Mihailo Maletić; Anton Berisha (1973). Kosovo nekad i danas. Borba-Radna jedinica ekonomiska politika. p. 130. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
Пошто су Качаник и Звечан пали у турске руке још двадесетих година XIV века
- ^ Istorijski Glasnik. 1965. p. 5. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
- ^ Oliver J. Schmitt (2008). Kosovo: Kurze Geschichte einer zentralbalkanischen Landschaft. UTB. p. 70. ISBN 978-3-8252-3156-9. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
Die Osmanen aber hatten schon vor 1455 strategisch wichtige Plätze (Kacanik und Zvecan, nicht aber Novo Brdo) unter ihre Herrschaft gebracht.
- ^ On the Autochthony of Albanians in Kosova and the Postulated Massive Serb Migration at the End of the XVIIth Century -Selami Pulaha, Institute of History
- ^ Тосева, Катерина (2008-03-03). "Сан Стефано — непостигнатият идеал" (in Bulgarian). News.bg. Retrieved 2008-09-16.
- ^ Zürcher, Erik-Jan (1999-11-30). Sylvia Kedourie (ed.). Kosovo Revisited: Sultan Resad's Macedonian Journey of June 1911. Seventy-five Years of the Turkish Republic. Psychology Press. pp. 26–. ISBN 9780714650425. Retrieved 15 October 2012.
- ^ Sörensen, Jens Stilhoff (2009-05-20). State Collapse and Reconstruction in the Periphery: Political Economy, Ethnicity and Development in Yugoslavia, Serbia and Kosovo. Berghahn Books. pp. 189–. ISBN 9781845455606. Retrieved 15 October 2012.
- ^ Krieger, Heike (2001-07-12). The Kosovo Conflict and International Law: An Analytical Documentation 1974-1999. Cambridge University Press. pp. 56–. ISBN 9780521800716. Retrieved 15 October 2012.
- ^ OSCEMission in Kosovo: Municipal profile of Đeneral Janković Archived 2011-06-06 at the Wayback Machine, April 2008. Retrieved on 23 October 2008.
External links
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